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Can a Non-Muslim Inherit from a Muslim

Inheritance,Inheritance,Can a Non-Muslim Inherit from a Muslim

Fatwa No :
85114
| Date :
0000-00-00
معاملات / ترکات / احکام وراثت

Can a Non-Muslim Inherit from a Muslim

What do the esteemed muftis say regarding the following matter: Are the non-Muslim heirs of a new Muslim entitled to inheritance, given that the new Muslim has no Muslim heirs among the sharers (dhaw al-furud), residuaries (‘asabat), or distant kindred (dhaw al-arham)? Also, after the death of the new Muslim, what is the lawful Shari‘ah distribution of the estate? Kindly clarify, and you shall be rewarded.

الجوابُ حامِدا ًو مُصلیِّا ً

According to the Prophetic Hadiths and juristic texts, a non-Muslim cannot inherit from a Muslim. Therefore, if a new Muslim has no Muslim heirs, in such a case, instead of giving the deceased’s estate to his non-Muslim relatives, it should be spent on public welfare works and the needs of the poor. The procedure for this is that the court should appoint a trustworthy and reliable person as a custodian on behalf of the deceased, who will then spend it on the needs and public interests of the local Muslims, as well as on the deserving and needy individuals.

مأخَذُ الفَتوی

كما في صحيح البخاري: عن أسامة بن زيد رضي الله عنهما: أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: «لا يرث المسلم الكافر ولا الكافر المسلم» (8/ 156)۔
و في الدر المختار:ورابعها الضوائع مثل ما لايكون له أناس وارثونا،فمصرف الأولين أتى بنص وثالثها حواه مقاتلونا،ورابعها فمصرفه جهات تساوى النفع فيها المسلمونا اھ (2/ 338)
و في حاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار): (قوله: ورابعها فمصرفه جهات إلخ) موافق لما نقله ابن الضياء في شرح الغزنوية عن البزدوي من أنه يصرف إلى المرضى والزمنى واللقيط وعمارة القناطر والرباطات والثغور والمساجد وما أشبه ذلك. اهـ. ولكنه مخالف لما في الهداية والزيلعي أفاده الشرنبلالي أي فإن الذي في الهداية وعامة الكتب أن الذي يصرف في مصالح المسلمين هو الثالث كما مر. وأما الرابع فمصرفه المشهور هو اللقيط الفقير والفقراء الذين لا أولياء لهم فيعطى منه نفقتهم وأدويتهم وكفنهم وعقل جنايتهم كما في الزيلعي وغيره. وحاصله أن مصرفه العاجزون الفقراء فلو ذكر الناظم الرابع مكان الثالث ثم قال وثالثها حواه عاجزونا ورابعها فمصرفه إلخ لوافق ما في عامة الكتب اھ (2/ 338)۔
و في الفتاوى الهندية: وما أخذ من تركة الميت الذي مات ولم يترك وارثا أو ترك زوجا وزوجة وهذا النوع يصرف إلى نفقة المرضى وأدويتهم وهم فقراء وإلى كفن الموتى الذين لا مال لهم وإلى اللقيط وعقل جنايته وإلى نفقة من هو عاجز عن الكسب وليس له من تجب عليه نفقته وما أشبه ذلك كذا في شرح الطحاوي اھ (1/ 191)۔
وفيها أيضا: واختلاف الدين أيضا يمنع الإرث والمراد به الاختلاف بين الإسلام والكفر اھ (6/ 454)۔

And Allah knows best
سيد محمد بلال سلیم عُفی عنه
دار الافتاء جامعه بنوریه عالمیه

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