Fatwa No : 83220
Ruling on Taking Back a Gifted Vehicle

Ruling on Taking Back a Gifted Vehicle

What do the esteemed scholars and honorable muftis say regarding the following matter: Abu Bakr gifted a car to Zaid, and Zaid took full possession of the vehicle. Later, due to certain domestic compulsions and the displeasure of his parents, Abu Bakr started demanding the return of the car from Zaid. The question is: according to Islamic law, is Abu Bakr permitted to take back the gifted car from Zaid or not? Please provide a response with supporting evidences.

الجوابُ حامِدا ًو مُصلیِّا ً

When Abu Bakr, without any coercion or pressure, gifted his car to Zaid out of his own free will and Zaid took formal possession of it, then according to Islamic law, the car became his (Zaid’s) lawful property. Now, for Abu Bakr to retract from his gift merely due to the persuasion of others is, according to the noble hadiths, a disliked, condemned, and reprehensible act. His relatives should not pressure him into committing such an inappropriate and disliked action without valid reason. However, due to the concern of parental displeasure mentioned in the case, if Zaid willingly returns the car to him, it is hoped that he will be rewarded for this act.

مأخَذُ الفَتوی

ففي صحيح مسلم: عن ابن عباس، عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: «العائد في هبته، كالكلب يقيء، ثم يعود في قيئه» اھ (3/ 1241)
و في الدر المختار: (صح الرجوع فيها بعد القبض) أما قبله فلم تتم الهبة (مع انتفاع مانعه) الآتي (وإن كره) الرجوع (تحريما) وقيل: تنزيها نهاية (إلی قوله) (ويمنع الرجوع فيها) حروف (دمع خزقه) يعني الموانع السبعة الآتية اھ (5/ 698)
و في بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع: وأما شرائط الرجوع بعد ثبوت الحق حتى لا يصح بدون القضاء والرضا لأن الرجوع فسخ العقد بعد تمامه وفسخ العقد بعد تمامه يصح بدون القضاء والرضا كالرد بالعيب في البيع بعد القبض. وأما العوارض المانعة من الرجوع فأنواع منها هلاك الموهوب (6/ 128) واللہ اعلم بالصواب!