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Buying/Selling Merchandise that Is not in One's Ownership

Financial Transactions,Buying and Selling,Buying/Selling Merchandise that Is not in One's Ownership

Fatwa No :
37043
| Date :
2020-10-26
معاملات / مالی معاوضات / خرید و فروخت

Buying/Selling Merchandise that Is not in One's Ownership

If the police seize someone's merchandise and secures it in the police station, then someone else comes and convinces the police that he will return the merchandise to its owner, then sells it at a low price, would the merchandise be lawful for the buyer?

الجوابُ حامِدا ًو مُصلیِّا ً

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
It is not permissible as per Shari'ah to purchase or sell anything achieved in this manner. This must be avoided
And Allah knows best.

مأخَذُ الفَتوی

فی الھدایۃ: وإذا کان أحد العوضین أوکلاھما محرّما فالبیع فاسد (إلٰی قولہ) وکذا إذا کان غیر مملوکٍ۔ الخ (ج٥، ص٨٩)
فی الدر المختار: (وقف بیع مال الغیر) (إلٰی قولہ) (لمالکہ) أمالو باعہ علٰی أنہ لنفسہ، أو باعہ من نفسہ (إلی قولہ) فالبیع باطل۔ اھـ (ج٥، ص١٠٩)
وفی فقہ البیوع: ویشترط لانعقاد البیع أن یکون المبیع مملوکًا للبائع، فبیع مالا یملکہ البائع باطل، والأصل فی ذالک (إلی قولہ) لا تبع ما لیس عندک۔ اھـ (ج١، ص٣٣٤)
وفی الفقہ الإسلامی وأدلتہ: وأما الملکیۃ غیر المشروعۃ فیجوز للدولۃ التدخل فیھا لرد الأموال إلٰی صاحبھا بل إن لھا الحق فی مصادرتھا (إلٰی قولہ) وکذلک یحق للدولۃ التدخل فی الملکیات الخاصۃ المشروعۃ لتحقیق العدل والمصلحۃ العامۃ۔ اھـ (ج٥، ص٥١٨)
وفی الدر المختار: [فائدۃ] ذکر الطرطوسی فی مؤلف لہٗ أن مصادرۃ السلطان لأرباب الأموال لا تجوز إلا لعمال بیت المال. اھـ (ج٥، ص٣٣٤)
وفی الفقہ الإسلامی وأدلتہ: وأما شرط النفاذ: فھی إثنان: ۱- أن یکون المبیع مملوکًا للبائع. أولہ علیہ ولایۃ، فلا ینفذ بیع غیر المملوک للبائع وھو بیع ملک الغیر۔ الخ (ج٤، ص٣٨٧)
وفی الفقہ الحنفی وأدلتہ: البیوع المنھی عنھا (إلٰی قولہ): بیع المصادر: إذا علم بہ المشتری؛ لأن لہ مالکًا وھو غیر راض ببیعہ۔ اھـ (ج٢، ص٤٨)

And Allah knows best
Darulifta Jamia Binoria Aalamia

Fatwa No 37043 Verify Now
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