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If a Mudarabah contract is executed in US dollars, then upon termination of the business, should the capital be returned in the same (USD) currency or in the current local currency?

Financial Transactions,Company and speculation,If a Mudarabah contract is executed in US dollars, then upon termination of the business, should the capital be returned in the same (USD) currency or in the current local currency?

Fatwa No :
84789
| Date :
0000-00-00
معاملات / مالی معاوضات / شرکت و مضاربت

If a Mudarabah contract is executed in US dollars, then upon termination of the business, should the capital be returned in the same (USD) currency or in the current local currency?

What do the honourable Muftis say regarding this issue: A person gave another ten thousand US dollars for business. Fifteen years ago, the business was established on the basis of Mudarabah. The mudarib (working partner) converted the dollars into Afghan currency, which at that time amounted to five hundred thousand Afghanis. The business continued for fifteen years, and the profits were mutually distributed. Now the rabbul mal (investor) is demanding the return of the capital, which is ten thousand dollars. And if the repayment is to be made in Afghan currency, then due to the rise in the dollar rate, the mudarib would have to return eight hundred thousand Afghanis according to today’s value.
The question is: Should the mudarib now return the same ten thousand dollars, or should he return the current equivalent value of eight hundred thousand Afghanis? Please provide Shari‘ah guidance. Thank you.

الجوابُ حامِدا ًو مُصلیِّا ً

If both parties now wish to end the business that has been running on the basis of Mudarabah for fifteen years, then the mudarib should first sell whatever trade goods he currently has. From the amount obtained through this sale, he must first return to the rabbul mal the original capital he had provided (that is, ten thousand dollars, or its current value according to today’s rate). After this, if any amount remains, it will be considered the profit of the business. That profit will then be distributed between the mudarib and the rabbul mal according to the ratio that was mutually agreed upon in the beginning.

مأخَذُ الفَتوی

كما في البحر الرائق شرح كنز الدقائق ومنحة الخالق وتكملة الطوري: قوله (وينعزل بعزله إن علم) أي ينعزل المضارب بعزل رب المال إن علم به لأنه وكيل وإن لم يعلم لا والمراد بالعلم ما يستفاد من خبر رجلين مطلقا أو واحد عدل إن كان فضوليا وإلا فخبر مميز قوله (وإن علم والمال عروض باعها ثم لا يتصرف في ثمنها ولا يملك المالك فسخها في هذه الحالة) لأن للمضارب حقا في الربح قيد بالمضاربة لأن أحد الشريكين إذا فسخ الشركة ومالها أمتعة قالوا يصح فسخه بخلاف المضاربة كذا في فتاوى قاضي خان من الشركة والمراد من العرض هنا أن يكون خلاف جنس رأس المال والدراهم والدنانير جنسان هنا فإذا كان رأس المال دراهم وعزله ومعه دنانير له بيعها بالدراهم استحسانا وله بيع العروض بعد العزل بالنقد والنسيئة وإن نهاه رب المال عن النسيئة كما لا يصح نهيه عن المسافرة في الروايات المشهورة وكما لا يملك عزله لا يملك تخصيص الإذن لأنه عزل من وجه كذا في النهاية وشمل كلامه العزل الحكمي حتى لو كان له بيع العروض بعد موت رب المال حقيقة أو حكما ولا ينعزل في الحكمي إلا بالعلم بخلاف الوكيل حيث ينعزل في الحكمي وإن لم يعلم لأنه حق له بخلاف المضارب اھ (7/ 268)۔
وفى الفتاوى الهندية: فإن عزل رب المال المضارب ولم يعلم بعزله حتى اشترى وباع فتصرفه جائز وينعزل بعلمه بعزله وإن علم بعزله والمال عروض فله أن يبيعها ولا يمنعه العزل عن ذلك ثم لا يجوز أن يشتري بثمنها شيئا آخر ولو كان مال المضاربة من جنس رأس المال لم يجز له أن يتصرف فيه وإن لم يكن من جنس رأس المال بأن كان دراهم ورأس المال دنانير أو بالعكس له أن يبيعها بجنس رأس المال استحسانا اھ (4/ 329)۔
و في حاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار): [فرع] قال في القنية من المضاربة أعطاه دنانير مضاربة ثم أراد القسمة له أن يستو في دنانير، وله أن يأخذ من المال بقيمتها، وتعتبر قيمتها يوم القسمة لا يوم الدفع ا. هـ. (5/ 655) والله اعلم بالصواب

And Allah knows best
عبدالواجد وزیرمحمد عُفی عنه
دار الافتاء جامعه بنوریه عالمیه

Fatwa No 84789 Verify Now
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