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Equality of shares between male and female if one bequeaths to his son's children

Inheritance,Will and Testament,Equality of shares between male and female if one bequeaths to his son's children

Fatwa No :
78700
| Date :
معاملات / ترکات / احکام وصیت

Equality of shares between male and female if one bequeaths to his son's children

Baba Misal's son Niaz Ali Khan died during his lifetime, while two sons (Akhtar Ali, Ilyas) and two daughters (Safia, Gulsham) were alive at the time of Baba Misal's death. He wrote the will on a stamp paper, bequeathing to the children of his late son Niaz Ali Khan (two sons, Mujahid Ali, Basit Ali a daughter Gul Rukh) the amount of a son's share in his wealth. After the death of Baba Misal Khan, will it be divided equally among the children of his late son, or will it be divided according to the rule of “the male gets twice the share of the female”? Please explain.

الجوابُ حامِدا ًو مُصلیِّا ً

In the case mentioned, the will written by the deceased (Baba Misal Khan) in favor of his grandsons during his lifetime to the extent of one son's share of his property is as per the Shari’a correct. Therefore, it is obligatory to follow this will to the extent of one-third of the remaining property after burial and payment of debts. Hence, the share that one son gets, will be divided equally among the male and female grandchildren of the deceased.

مأخَذُ الفَتوی

کما فی الدر المختار: (هي تمليك مضاف إلى ما بعد الموت) عينا كان أو دينا . قلت : يعني بطريق التبرع ليخرج نحو الإقرار بالدين فإنه نافذ من كل المال(الیٰ قولہ) (و تجوز بالثلث للأجنبي) عند عدم المانع (و إن لم يجز الوارث ذلك لا الزيادة عليه الخ
و فی الشامیة : احترز بقوله مضاف إلى ما بعد الموت عن نحو الهبة فإنها تمليك تبرع للحال اھ (6/648)۔
و فیہ ایضاً : ان شرط الارث وجود الوارث حیا عند موت المورث اھ (6/769)۔
و فی البزازیة : و لو قال فی صحتہ ثلث مالی لفلان و لو ذکرہ فی خلال الوصایا یکون وصیة او اضافہ الیٰ مابعد الموت و لو کان ذلک فی الصحة یکون وصیة و فی المرض علی ھذا اھ (6/434)۔
وفیھا:ولو ولدت ولدين حيين فالمال بينهما فإن كان أحدهما ذكرا والآخر أنثى ففي الوصية يقسم بينهما نصفين وفي الميراث يقسم بينهما للذكر مثل حظ الأنثيين اھ (4/196) ۔
وفی الھدایہ:قال: "ومن أوصى لولد فلان فالوصية بينهم والذكر والأنثى فيه سواء" لأن اسم الولد ينتظم الكل انتظاما واحدا. "ومن أوصى لورثة فلان فالوصية بينهم للذكر مثل حظ الأنثيين" لأنه لما نص على لفظ الورثة آذن ذلك بأن قصده التفضيل كما في الميراث. اھ(4/532) ۔

And Allah knows best
حماد منظور عُفی عنه
دار الافتاء جامعه بنوریه عالمیه

Fatwa No 78700 Verify Now
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