Fatwa No : 10473
i wanted to know the origin of fasting on Ashura - عاشوراء کا روزہ

i wanted to know the origin of fasting on Ashura - عاشوراء کا روزہ

Assalam o alaikum, respected Mufti sahib, i wanted to know the origin of fasting on Ashura (9-10 or 10-11 moharram). It is one of the Sunnah Muhammadi (SAW) when He (SAW) after hijrah declared it as a nafil roza is remembrance of Nijaat that Allah (SWT) gave to Hazrat Moosa (AS). i require reference of the above-mentioned sunnah so that i too can help my friends know the reality of fasting on Ashura.
JazakAlah o kher Wassalam

الجوابُ حامِدا ًو مُصلیِّا ً

When Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wa Sallam did Hijrath from Makka al Mukarrama and reached Madina al Munawwara, Jews of Madina were found to be observing Fasting during the day of Aashura. Upon enquiring as to the reason behind their Fasting, they informed that it was the sacred day in which Allah Tha’ala liberated the Bani Israel from their enemy thus Hadhrath Musa Alaihis Salam had observed Fasting, and we, in memory of it, observe Fasting on that day. Upon this, Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wa Sallam said, I am more deserved than you in this matter, and he observed Fasting himself and ordered the respected Sahaba Radhiyallahu Anhum as well to observe Fasting. Therefore it is praiseworthy to observe Fasting on the day of Aashura. Later, Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wa Sallam had determined to add another day of Fasting with it, to eliminate resemblance with the Jews. Therefore it is required to add the Fasting on 9th or 11th day of Muharram.

مأخَذُ الفَتوی

كما في صحيح البخاري :عن عائشۃ رضی الله عنها قالت :كان رسول الله صلى اللہ علیہ وسلم أمر بصيام يوم عاشورا فلما فرض رمضان كان من شاء صام و من شاء ا فطر اھ وفي حديث آخر :عن ابن عباس رضی الله عنه قال: قدم النبي صلی اللہ وسلم المدينة فرأى ابیهود تصوم يوم عاشورا،فقال ما هذا؟ قالوا هذا يوم صالح هذا يوم نجى الله بنى اسرائيل من عدوهم فصامه موسى قال:فأنا أحق بموسى منكم فصامہ وأمر بصيامه اھ (1/268) ۔
و فی جامع الترمذي:وروى عن ابن عباس رضی الله عنه انه قال صومو التاسع والعاشر و خالفوا ابیهود اھ (1/94) ۔